A. green/white
B. white/green
C. white/brown
D. brown/white
E. colorless/hyaline
Answer is: D
6-2. Which one statement is false?
A. Many bracket fungi are polypores.
B. Many polypores are bracket fungi.
C. Most polypores are not fleshy.
D. Some polypores are perennial.
E. Some polypores are Deuteromycetes.
Answer is: E
6-3. Virtually intact logs, hundreds of years old, are sometimes dug up from waterlogged anaerobic mucks. The main reason for such remarkable preservation of these logs is:
A. Fungi cannot grow totally immersed in water.
B. Fungi cannot decay logs which have not been cut into boards.
C. Wood continuously dry is immune to fungal attack.
D. Unless there is access to air, fungal decay of wood cannot occur.
E.Wood-rotting fungi may require light for formation of normal fruiting bodies.
Answer is: D
6-4. In the polypores, a "conk" refers to a:
A. fleshy basidiocarp.
B. basidiocarp shaped like a horse's hoof.
C. sterile cell in the hymenium.
D. layer above the tubes.
E. cone-shaped, fleshy, pileus.
Answer is: B
6-5. Why have mycologists developed techniques for identifying wood-rotting fungi based mainly upon pure culture vegetative characters?
A. Because they were enzyme biochemists.
B.Because their sexual stages are often not readily available for the usual (normal) methods of identifying these fungi.
C.There was no practical reason for doing this--it was basic research without any application.
D. Because they were interested in the ontogeny of sclerotia.
E. Because they were interested in the ontogeny of stromata.
Answer is: B
6-6. Some polypores are rather fleshy. How could you tell a fleshy polypore from a bolete, especially if the polypore is stipitate-pileate.
A. Taste it.
B. Try to grow it.
C. Check for paired nuclei and clamps.
D. Try to peel the tube layer away from the cap.
E. If it bruises blue and/or has red pore mouths it cannot be poisonous.
Answer is: D
6-7. A specimen of a fungus having clavate basidia, a stipe, a pileus, the hymenium lining tubes, a non-fleshy texture, and a tube layer which cannot easily be separated from the remainder of the pileus, is a ________.
A. poisonous mushroom.
B. non-poisonous mushroom.
C. bolete.
D. polypore.
E. blue-bruiser.
Answer is: D
6-8. These are used to locate hidden dry rot in buildings:
A.sows
B.pigeons
C.bats
D.dogs
E.mice
Answer is: D
6-9. Suppose a backyard orchard in Bloomington is found to be severely infested with the bootlace mushroom, Armillaria mellea. What should the owner do?
A. Buy a gallon of methyl bromide at the Farm Bureau Co-op and spray it onto the trees.
B. Pour that methyl bromide into holes drilled into the soil near the trees.
C. Use a dormant spray of insecticide in mid-winter.
D. Inoculate trees with Trichoderma viride.
E. Plan on planting something else.
Answer is: E
6-10. People with lots of money like to build with redwood, especially decks, posts, and siding (outdoor stuff), and benches and tables. But this means cutting majestic trees. Other wood (e.g., pine from southern plantations) can look like, or be made to look like, redwood, but is not resistant to decay. Here is a mycological problem. Your instructor has tried to give you an attitude toward protection of wood from fungal attack. Which one of the following is closest to what was taught?
A. Homeowners, railroad companies, telephone companies, and the like might as well recognize that any species of wood exposed to the elements (rain, snow, water vapor that condenses) is going to be rotted by fungi. In practical terms, it's a losing battle against the fungi.
B. The solution to fungal biodeterioration of any wood is simple, safe, but too expensive: impregnate it with pentachlorophenol. The reason we don't do this more often is that--face it--wood is really quite an inexpensive substance.
C. Some species of wood never, ever rot. Never have, never will. The main reason that we don't use these species more often is that there is a conspiracy of builders, forest owners, and building trade unions to prevent the use of decay-proof species. If wood didn't decay, these people would lose much of their profits and employment.
D. The solution to the problem of rotting of wood is to keep it clean--free of dust, grime, oil, etc. People who build with redwood are rich people, socioeconomically favored. They can afford to keep their redwood siding, etc., clean. Pine would last just as long as redwood if we regular folks would just keep our houses cleaner.
E. None of the above are even remotely similar to what was taught in this course.
Answer is: A.
6-16. Please refer to slide # . To which of the following does this fungus belong?
A. polypores
B. boletes
C. agarics
D. lichens
E. chanterelles
Answer is: A Lecture topic #6; Slide 67 Box 4/5
6-17. According to your textbook, what is the most effective treatment for prevention of wood decay? (This is a commonly used technique).
A. pre-inoculation with Serpula lacrymans
B. creosote impregnation
C. paint
D. stain
E. None of the above are correct.
Answer is: B Lecture topic #6; Landecker
6-18. Please refer to slide # . This "Rothound" is looking for ________________.
A. Serpula lacrymans.
B. Trametes versicolor.
C. Amanita muscaria.
D. Armillaria mellea.
E. Polyporus sulphureus.
Answer is : A Lecture topic #6 Box# 4/5, slide 77
6-19. Please refer to slide # . A setup such as this is used to demonstrate the inhibition of
radial growth of a notorious wood-rotter by ____________ produced by Trichoderma.
A. mycelial cords
B. setae
C. capillitia
D. volatile substances
E. None of the above are correct.
Answer is: D Lecture topic# 6 Box# 6, slide 12
6-20. What is this delicious and popularly eatern fungus that, however, can sometimes poison some people?
A. Turkey-tail
B. False Turkey-tail
C. Serpula lacrymans
D. Armillaria mellea
E. None of the above are true.
Answer is: D Lecture topic #6, Box #4/5, slide 65
6-21. What is the common name for this sort of fungus, assuming that it has clavate basidia?
A. jelly fungus
B. coral fungus
C. snake fungus
D. snail fungus
E. cup fungus
Answer is: B Lecture topic #6, Box #6, slide 4 or 5
A. solubilizing poorly soluble forms of phosphorous in soils
Answer is: C Lecture topic #6
6-23. Please refer to slide number . This scene is not at all rare. It is often caused by
Armillaria mellea, which _________.
A. causes dry rot, desiccating the tree and killing the leaves.
Answer is: E Lecture topic #6 Box #4/5, slide 71
A. It's gills are poisonous, but not its context.
6-22. Polypores and their close relatives are
especially important in ________ in many ecosystems.
B. fixing nitrogen
C. recycling nutrients from woody plant material
D. fixing carbon dioxide
E. extracting energy from inorganic material
B. forms its plasmodium all over the leaves, cutting off sunlight and starving the tree.
C. produces clouds of alpha-amanitin-containing spores from its basidiomes, poisoning the tree.
D. produces octenol, which blocks ergosterol biosynthesis.
E. None of the above are true.
6-24. Please refer to slide number . This fungus sometimes makes people sick, but not usually. What's the explanation?
B. Its context is poisonous, but not its gills.
C. Almost all of the toxin is in the epicutis and, for obvious reasons, some people will eat that, and some won't.
D. It is poisonous whenever it is invaded by a parasite, the Lobster Fungus.
E. None of the above are correct.
Answer is: E Lecture topic #6 Box #4/5, slide 67